The Physio Fix

TENS can help in relieving chronic back pain and reduce discomfort. TENS stands for Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. A pain-relief therapy that was developed in the  1960s , has gained popularity in both clinical and home settings. TENS is a safe and very effective method for both acute and chronic pain management without any significant side effects. The therapy involves the usage of a portable device connected to electrodes that are placed on the skin near the area of pain.  HOW TENS WORKS? TENS works by delivering small low-voltage electrical impulses to the targeted area via. the electrodes placed on the skin to relieve pain. Now, the question " how does TENS work?" is answered via. the two main theories that explain the mechanism of action of the Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation device.  PAIN GATE THEORY: Also known as the "Gate Control Theory", proposed by Melzack and Wall  in 1965. According to this theory, The electrical impulses deliv

 INTRODUCTION A frozen shoulder is a very common cause of stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. It is also termed as, Adhesive Capsulitis as the capsule that encloses the shoulder joint becomes thick, stiff, and inflamed leading to discomfort, pain, and movement restriction in the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint. The joint capsule is a fibrous sheath lined by the synovial membrane, responsible for producing synovial fluid to provide lubrication to the joint.   CONTENTS  Introduction to Frozen Shoulder  Shoulder joint  Symptoms and stages  Causes  Risk factors  Diagnosis  Treatment and physical therapy SHOULDER JOINT: The shoulder joint is a ball and socket synovial joint formed by the articulation between the humerus and scapula. The head of the humerus behaves as a ball while the glenoid fossa of the scapula is referred to as the socket. It is a highly mobile joint that allows movement in various directions that are made possible by the overall structure of the joint, the surroundin

Sciatica causes discomfort and pain during walking Sciatica is a condition characterized by the presence of sharp, shooting,, or burning pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, often accompanied by numbness, tingling, or weakness in the affected leg. It can simply be defined as the pain going down the leg which typically originates from the lower back. It is primarily a symptom, not a disease or complication. Usually occurs due to compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve is the largest in the human body which extends through the buttocks and down the lower limb and provides sensory and motor functions to the legs and foot. It originates from the lumbosacral plexus ( L4 to S3 are the involved nerve roots, respectively). CAUSES OF SCIATICA Sciatica can be caused by any condition that irritates or compresses the sciatic nerve or any of the five spinal nerve roots that combine to form the sciatic nerve ( i.e. L4-S3) .  The main causes of sciatica in

 SCREENING FOR FALL RISK As people age, the risk of sustaining a harmful fall increases significantly. Falls pose a severe threat to the health and well-being of older adults, often leading to certain types of injuries, decreased mobility, and reduced quality of life. It is therefore important to address this critical issue through that this critical issue be addressed through a versatile approach including both preventative measures and responsive care. Older Adults-Our National Heroes Falls are a result of multiple factors, both intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors. THE INTRINSIC FACTORS MAY INCLUDE: Decreased sensory system function Decreased postural control and balance  Increased reactions to single or multiple medications Usage of certain types of drugs that cause delays in sensory system function Muscle weakness Visual changes Chronic health conditions THE EXTRINSIC FACTORS INCLUDE: Environmental hazards Use of defective safety devices Social isolation  Use of defective device

  TUBERCULOSIS: REMAINS A PERSISTENT YET SIGNIFICANT GLOBAL HEALTH CHALLENGE  A contagious infection spread by a bacterium i.e.  Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ,  still continues to cause suffering to millions worldwide, posing an alarming challenge to the public health authorities and medical health professionals around the globe. It primarily affects the lungs, but it can spread to other organs and tissues in the body as well.  However, TB i.e. a bacterial infection remains the leading cause of death worldwide, especially in low and middle-income countries where healthcare resources and facilities are limited. The Public health initiatives focus on early diagnosis and prompt treatment, BCG vaccination to prevent and control the spread of TB and reduce its impact on global health. TB primarily affects the  lungs CONTENTS 1. Definition 2. Signs & Symptoms 3. Stages of TB    3.1 Primary TB    3.2 Latent TB    3.3 Active TB    3.4 Extrapulmonary TB 4. Complications 5. Investigations/Diag